Description. Type Sonneratia subquadrata Sinzow, 1907. According to Casey (1952, 1965), Saveliev (1992), and Wright (1996), these ammonites are slightly involute to slightly evolute, with robust ornamentation, a low square or rectangular whorl section, and flattened flanks and venter, but rounded shoulders. The flanks may be slightly convergent. The umbilicus is shallow, stepped, and has a rounded edge. The whorls increase slowly in thickness. The body chamber occupies about half of the last whorl. The sigmoid or arcuate ribs, strong and high, arise from pairs of obtuse umbilical bullae, radially elongated, and cross the venter without thickening, with a weak and broad proverse sinus. On the body chamber, they may simplify into isolated primaries, with reduced bullae. The young whorls up to 2-3 cm resemble those of Sonneratia, with an oval whorl section. Saveliev (1992) adds that the ribs are asymmetrical, with a steeper slope posteriorly, and that the siphonal line in adults often shows a filiform groove, which cuts into the rib crest on the last quarter or half of last whorl. According to our observations, this genus often presents a few pairs of ribs with a significant bifurcation angle (40° or more); we see some of these in our T. subquadratus. Such pairs are also observed in Protohoplites, but never in Sonneratia or Pseudosonneratia.

Forms. A first group includes three robust forms: T. subquadratus (see photo), orientalis, and suborientalis. Their umbilical and ventrolateral shoulders are narrow, the venter distinctly flattened, sometimes slightly convex or concave, and the umbilical wall rather low. Saveliev (1992) distinguishes a second group with T. finitimus and rossicus, compressed forms similar to Pseudosonneratia but with persistent umbilical bullae. Compared to the first group, they have a less flattened venter, more rounded shoulders, a lower umbilical wall, and flexuous ribs that are shorter but more numerous. A third group is restricted to T. dragunovi, a small involute species with a high rectangular cross-section and ribs crossing the venter in a straight line in the adult.
Distribution. Like the late Sonneratia with a hexagonal whorl section, the Tetrahoplites are confined to the puzosianus zone of Lower Albian. Fairly common in Transcaspia, the genus appears to be very rare in Western Europe. In the literature, only Casey (1965) includes a T. cf. subquadratus and a T. dragunovi, both found in Kent. The MNHN type database lists another T. cf. subquadratus (no. A25643) from Andon in the Alpes-Maritimes.
Remarks. The position of second group is unclear. Casey (1952) considered T. rossicus to be a Pseudosonneratia, without mentioning T. finitimus, still unknown at the time. However, Saveliev (1992) assigned both species to Tetrahoplites, based on their persistent umbilical bullae and the inconstant filiform groove on the siphonal line. To complicate matters further, Destombes in Rat et al. (1979) reported observing the same groove on some specimens of Pseudosonneratia from the Aube region (P. flexuosa, jacobi, and crassa).
| Tetrahoplites (5) | finitimus | orientalis | rossicus | suborientalis | subquadratus |